A corrupt database is one that has lost some of its data or functionality. Causes of corruption include (but are not limited to) the following:
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Hard disk/controller errors.
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Memory errors.
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Network errors.
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Power interruptions (losses, dips, or surges).
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Lightning.
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Rebooting or turning off the server while the database is open.
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The server crashing or freezing while the database is open.